Use casesFinancial institutions & fintech

Early arrears collections

Calls reach customers who would have paid anyway, while the ones who cannot keep up need a plan, not ten calls.

Kinds of AI
ModelsSLMsAgentic AI
Who decides
Collector
FIG. 1 · Collections case planIllustrative
Card + personal loan · exposure band “mid”34 days past due

Model · roll to 60+ days

Highself-cure low

  • negative: Salary inflow stopped 2 months ago

SLM · track

Hardship, not “won't pay”.

Agent · contact plan, in policy

  • TuesdayOne call, 10:00–12:00, then an app message
  • FrequencyAt most 1 a day
  • Model
  • SLM
  • Agent

Written limitTerm over 12 months: the collections supervisor approves.

DecidesCollector

1. The desk

Today

  1. SortEveryone in a delinquency bucket gets the same treatment on the same day.
  2. ContactCollectors are at capacity; contact rules (hours, frequency, opt-outs) are tracked by hand.
  3. PlanRestructuring offers are improvised per call.
  4. OfferThe collector makes the offer, and its affordability arithmetic is not recorded.

With the system

  1. SortThe roll-rate and cure models put each account on a track: no action, digital reminder, call, or hardship.Model
  2. ContactThe agent runs the day's contact plan inside the channels, hours, frequencies, and scripts the contact policy allows, records promises, and hands disputes, complaints, and vulnerability flags to a person.Agentic AI
  3. PlanFor hardship cases the SLM drafts a plan taken only from the policy menu, with a script; affordability figures come from the calculator.SLM
  4. OfferThe collector decides whether to make the offer, as before; a supervisor approves above the threshold, and the arithmetic is on file.Person decides

What lands on the desk

The collector sees why this account is on the hardship track, the contact plan the policy allows, and one proposal taken from the bank's own menu with its affordability figure from the calculator. Whether to make the offer is the collector's call, with the supervisor where the term requires it.

FIG. 2 · Collections case planIllustrative
Card + personal loan · exposure band “mid”34 days past due

Model · roll to 60+ days

Highself-cure low

  • negative: Salary inflow stopped 2 months ago

SLM · track

Hardship, not “won't pay”.

Agent · contact plan, in policy

  • TuesdayOne call, 10:00–12:00, then an app message
  • FrequencyAt most 1 a day

SLM · proposal from policy menu §4.2

  • Convert the card balance into a 24-month installment loan, first payment in 30 days
  • AffordabilityInstallment within the policy ratio of declared incomecalculator

SLM · draft script

We see payments have been harder lately. We can spread the balance…

Not allowed

  • flaggedLegal referral while a viable plan is open
  • flaggedContact on a Sunday or holiday
  • Model
  • SLM
  • Agent

Written limitTerm over 12 months: the collections supervisor approves.

DecidesCollector

2. The system

For your technical team — skip it if you like.

How it works

In

  • Payment history, days past due by month
  • Promises and the kept rate
  • Contact outcomes
  • Salary or turnover inflows, bureau refresh
  1. Model · estimates

    Roll-rate and cure models

    Logistic or GBM, calibrated; cure is the propensity to pay

    Reads

    • Everything under In

    Out

    • Self-cure probability
    • Roll to 60+ days past due
    • Value at risk
    • Track: none, reminder, call, or hardship
  2. SLM · understands

    Case-plan drafter

    Reads

    • Hardship and hard cases
    • The policy's action menu
    • Product terms

    Out

    • A plan chosen only from the menu
    • A script in the bank's tone
    • Affordability by a calculator, not the SLM
  3. Agent · prepares

    Contact agent

    A state graph over the contact policy

    Reads

    • The tracks and the plans

    Out

    • The day's contact plan, run in policy
    • Approved channels, hours, frequency, scripts
    • Promises recorded
    • Accounts moved between states
  4. Decision

    Collector

    Reads

    • Restructuring proposals

    Out

    • The collector decides the offer
    • Above the threshold, a supervisor approves
How the agent's work is arrangedState graph

State graph

Each account sits in one state (reminded, promised, promise broken, hardship, referred), and the contact policy writes which moves and contacts are allowed from each, so the agent cannot invent a step.

How the models are trained and tested

Your expert writes the test first. A step the test does not need is skipped, and we say why.

Show the training steps

Cure and roll-rate models

  1. Target

    Cure within 30 or 60 days, and roll to the next bucket.

  2. Method and challenger

    Logistic against GBM.

  3. Validation evidence

    Calibration and a roll-rate back-test.

  4. Monitoring

    Champion/challenger with a small randomized share, before any uplift model.

  5. Later: uplift model

    Once champion/challenger tests exist, an uplift model shows which action changes the outcome (a T- or X-learner, two standard ways to estimate the effect of an action, judged on a Qini curve of the gain it adds).

Small language model (SLM)

  1. Test set

    Hardship cases graded by senior collectors before training: a plan from the menu only, tone, no invented concession.

  2. Dataset

    Approved past plans and scripts, with personal data removed.

  3. Continued pre-training (CPT)Skipped

    Skipped: collections vocabulary is ordinary.

  4. Supervised fine-tuning (SFT)

    On the plan format and tone.

  5. Reinforcement learning (RL)Skipped

    Skipped: there is no checkable reward beyond "menu item and calculator figures match", which a rule check enforces.

Where the agentic system stops

Every restructuring offer is the collector's decision, and a supervisor approves above the written threshold.

Show its tools, limits, and record
Tools and access
Reads collections and core systems; sends only approved reminder templates through approved channels, inside the contact hours, attempts per day, channels, and scripts the policy owner sets (by default the stricter of bank policy and the asset-management-company rule); books calls in the dialer.
May not
Offer a concession, refer to legal, write off, or mention the debt to a third party.
Who decides and the written limit
CollectorEvery restructuring offer is the collector's decision, and a supervisor approves above the written threshold. The collections policy owner writes the action menu, contact rules, and concession limits; reminders go out only through the channels, hours, and scripts the bank's contact policy approves. Legal referral, settlement discounts, and write-off are always a named person's.
Stops when
A dispute, a complaint, a vulnerability flag, or a "do not call" request: the account leaves the automatic graph for a person.
Record
Every contact, template, state change, and promise.

3. Value and conditions

Where the time goes, and what your institution will measure.

Where the value comes from

  1. Lower roll rates and charge-offs.
  2. Collector capacity freed from customers who self-cure.
  3. Sustainable restructurings, and fewer complaints.

What your institution measures

  • Roll rate 30→60 and 60→90
  • Cure rate
  • Cash collected per unit of cost
  • Promise-kept rate
  • Contacts per resolution
  • Re-default of restructured loans at 6 and 12 months
  • Complaint rate

Measured in the Decision Blueprint

Roll and cure rates by bucket set the baseline; your institution sets the target, confirmed by champion/challenger.

Conditions

The rules, the data, and the known error, with its guard.

  • Under EBA/GL/2018/06, forbearance must be viable, not a delay, and the EU Consumer Credit Directive 2 requires reasonable forbearance before enforcement.
  • In Türkiye, the asset-management-company regulation limits contact hours and attempts; no identical rule was found for banks, so the stricter rule applies, and harassment can be criminal (TCK 123).
  • Hardship data is sensitive under KVKK.

Start here

We measure your roll and cure rates by bucket, map the contact rules your collectors follow today, and read a sample of hardship cases against your action menu before anything is built.

  • ModelsSLMsAgentic AI

    SME credit referrals

    TodayReferred files wait while analysts rebuild the firm from four systems and last year's committee notes.

    With the systemOne file with the rating, its reasons, and the authority level.

    Credit manager decides

  • ModelsSLMsAgentic AI

    Early warning on the loan book

    TodayThe borrower is current; other banks are already cutting its limits, and you see its quarter only at renewal.

    With the systemA file, not a spreadsheet: signals checked in parallel and gathered in one place.

    Watch-list committee decides

Equalize the gap.

Bring one decision. Leave knowing the first step.

A short description of the decision is enough; no confidential records.

https://eqlx.ai/use-cases/collections · Printed copy; the website is the current version.